Preface
The Liberation War of 1971, which culminated in the creation of Bangladesh, is a pivotal chapter in the history of South Asia. It is a story of immense courage, unyielding determination, and profound sacrifices. Among the myriad of heroes who contributed to this historic victory, the Subedars of Bengal, particularly those serving in the East Pakistan Rifles (EPR), hold a significant yet often overlooked place. This book, “The Subedars of Bengal: East Pakistan Rifles in the Liberation War, 1971,” seeks to illuminate their extraordinary contributions and experiences during this transformative period.
The Genesis of the East Pakistan Rifles
The East Pakistan Rifles, established initially as the Ramgarh Local Battalion in 1795, evolved over the centuries into a formidable paramilitary force. By the time of the 1971 Liberation War, the EPR was a crucial component of East Pakistan’s defence infrastructure, responsible for guarding the borders and maintaining internal security. The force was composed predominantly of Bengali personnel, including many Subedars, who played vital roles in command and operational capacities.
The Role of Subedars in the EPR
Subedars, the senior non-commissioned officers, were the backbone of the East Pakistan Rifles. They were not only leaders in the field but also pivotal in maintaining morale and discipline within the ranks. Their intimate understanding of local terrains and communities, coupled with their military acumen, positioned them as key figures in the unfolding conflict. As tensions escalated in 1971, these Subedars found themselves at the forefront of the burgeoning independence movement, often acting as the first line of resistance against the oppressive actions of the Pakistani military.
The Outbreak of the Liberation War
The seeds of the 1971 Liberation War were sown in the political and economic disenfranchisement of East Pakistan. The gross disparities and injustices meted out to the Bengali population by the central government in West Pakistan led to widespread discontent. The breaking point came on March 25, 1971, when the Pakistani military launched Operation Searchlight, a brutal crackdown aimed at suppressing the Bengali nationalist movement. This operation marked the beginning of a full-scale war for independence.
Subedars of the EPR were instrumental in the initial stages of resistance. Many of them, witnessing the atrocities committed against their compatriots, defected from the Pakistani forces and joined the Mukti Bahini (Liberation Army). Their defection was not merely a change of sides but a profound act of courage and conviction, driven by a deep sense of duty to their homeland and people.
Acts of Valor and Sacrifice
Throughout the Liberation War, the Subedars of Bengal demonstrated unparalleled valour. From organising guerrilla warfare to leading direct assaults on enemy positions, their contributions were critical in tilting the balance in favor of the liberation forces. This book chronicles numerous instances of such heroism, shedding light on both well-documented battles and lesser-known skirmishes that cumulatively forged the path to independence.
One poignant example is the Battle of Garibpur, where Subedar Major Abdul Wahab Khan led a contingent of EPR troops in a decisive engagement against the Pakistani army. Despite being heavily outnumbered and outgunned, their strategic acumen and fierce resolve resulted in a significant victory, boosting the morale of the liberation forces and underscoring the strategic importance of Subedars in the conflict.
Personal Narratives and Testimonies
In addition to recounting military engagements, this book delves into personal narratives and testimonies of the Subedars and their families. These stories provide a humanising lens through which to understand the war’s profound impact on individual lives and communities. They reveal the emotional and psychological toll of the conflict, the resilience of those who fought, and the enduring legacy of their sacrifices.
Through interviews and archival research, we hear the voices of Subedars who, despite the passage of time, vividly recall the intensity of the battlefield, the camaraderie among comrades, and the bittersweet moments of victory and loss. Their stories are a testament to their unwavering spirit and an indelible part of Bangladesh’s national heritage.
The Aftermath and Legacy
The end of the Liberation War on December 16, 1971, marked the birth of Bangladesh, a sovereign nation forged through immense struggle and sacrifice. For the Subedars of the East Pakistan Rifles, the victory was a moment of immense pride, but it was also a time of reflection on the price of freedom. Many of these heroes faced significant challenges in the post-war period, from adjusting to a new socio-political landscape to coping with the physical and psychological scars of war.
This book also explores the legacy of the Subedars in the contemporary context. It examines how their contributions have been remembered and honored in Bangladesh, and the ways in which their stories continue to inspire new generations. Their legacy is not just a historical record but a living testament to the values of courage, sacrifice, and resilience that define the spirit of Bangladesh.
Acknowledgments
This book would not have been possible without the invaluable contributions of many individuals and organizations. We extend our heartfelt gratitude to the surviving Subedars and their families, who generously shared their experiences and memories. Their willingness to recount often painful and personal histories has been instrumental in bringing this narrative to life.
We also acknowledge the efforts of historians, researchers, and archivists who have meticulously documented the events of the Liberation War. Their work has provided a solid foundation for this book and has been crucial in piecing together the multifaceted story of the Subedars of Bengal.
Special thanks are due to the Bangladesh Army and the Bangladesh National Museum for granting access to archival materials and facilitating interviews with key personnel. Their support has been indispensable in ensuring the accuracy and comprehensiveness of this work.
Conclusion
“The Subedars of Bengal: East Pakistan Rifles in the Liberation War, 1971” is more than a historical account. It is a tribute to the bravery and sacrifice of those who fought for the freedom and dignity of their people. It reminds us of the enduring power of the human spirit to overcome oppression and strive for justice.
As readers journey through the pages of this book, it is our hope that they will gain a deeper appreciation of the complexities and nuances of the Liberation War. More importantly, we hope they will be inspired by the stories of the Subedars, whose legacy continues to shine as a beacon of hope and resilience.
In documenting their stories, we honour their memory and ensure that their contributions are not forgotten. The Subedars of Bengal stand as eternal sentinels of Bangladesh’s hard-won independence, and their tales of heroism serve as a guiding light for future generations.
The publication of this book is a small but significant step towards preserving the rich history of Bangladesh and paying homage to those who made the ultimate sacrifice for their nation. It is a celebration of the indomitable spirit of the Subedars of Bengal and a testament to their enduring legacy in the annals of history.
Discrimination and Militarisation of the East Pakistan Rifles (1958-1971)
The East Pakistan Rifles (EPR), established as a border security force in British India, underwent a tumultuous journey from 1958 to 1971. The integration of EPR into the Pakistani military framework brought significant changes, not least of which was systemic discrimination and institutional neglect by the Pakistani martial law governments. This chapter delves into the myriad ways in which the EPR was marginalised, militarised, and discriminated against, detailing the pervasive inequalities faced by its members in terms of wages, promotions, and service conditions. Furthermore, it highlights the racial and regional biases that skewed opportunities in favour of Punjabi and Pathan personnel to the detriment of Bengali officers and soldiers.
1. Historical Background
The East Pakistan Rifles was originally formed in 1795 as the Ramgarh Local Battalion under British colonial rule, primarily to guard the eastern frontier of Bengal. Post-partition in 1947, the force was reconstituted as the East Bengal Regiment and renamed the East Pakistan Rifles. The EPR’s primary function was to secure the border regions of East Pakistan (now Bangladesh), serving as a paramilitary force under the Ministry of Home Affairs.
2. Wages and Pay Disparities
Since 1958, General Ayub Khan imposed martial law in Pakistan, and the EPR has faced significant wage and pay disparities. Compared to their counterparts in the West Pakistan forces, EPR personnel were consistently underpaid. Despite performing similar duties, Bengali officers and soldiers in the EPR received lower wages, creating a sense of disenfranchisement and economic insecurity among them.
The disparity was particularly stark when juxtaposed with the remunerations of Punjabi and Pathan personnel, who enjoyed better pay scales and allowances. This financial discrimination not only demoralised the EPR members but also highlighted the systemic neglect of the Bengali segment of the armed forces by the central government.
3. Promotion and Career Advancement
Promotion within the EPR was another area where discrimination was rife. Bengali officers faced significant obstacles in their career advancement due to an opaque and biased promotion system. The senior ranks of the EPR were overwhelmingly dominated by officers from West Pakistan, particularly Punjabis and Pathans, who were often given preferential treatment in promotions and assignments.
Bengali officers were frequently overlooked for higher positions, filled by less qualified but ethnically preferred candidates from West Pakistan. This skewed promotion system stunted the career growth of many capable Bengali officers, leading to widespread frustration and a sense of injustice within the ranks.
4. Rules, Regulations, and Racial Discrimination
The rules and regulations governing the EPR were often manipulated to disadvantage Bengali personnel. Racial discrimination was evident in various forms, from daily interactions to institutional policies. Bengali officers and soldiers were subjected to derogatory remarks and discriminatory treatment by their West Pakistani counterparts, fostering a climate of racial tension and mistrust.
Institutional policies further compounded these issues. Training programs, leave policies, and disciplinary actions were often biased, with Bengali personnel facing harsher penalties and fewer opportunities for professional development. This racial discrimination created a toxic work environment, undermining the cohesion and effectiveness of the EPR.
5. Terms and Conditions of Service
The terms and conditions of service for EPR members were another source of discontent. Bengali personnel often faced less favourable service conditions than their West Pakistani counterparts. These conditions included inadequate housing, poor medical facilities, and limited access to welfare programs. The disparity in service conditions underscored the central government’s neglect of East Pakistan and its military forces.
Furthermore, the contractual terms of service for Bengali personnel were often less advantageous, with shorter tenure and fewer benefits upon retirement. This inequitable treatment affected the morale of the EPR members and highlighted the broader regional disparities within Pakistan.
6. Militarisation and the Shift in Mandate
The militarisation of the EPR marked a significant shift in its mandate. Initially established as a border security force, the EPR was gradually integrated into the military framework of Pakistan. This militarisation involved the induction of regular army officers into the EPR, often displacing experienced Bengali officers and imposing a martial culture that was alien to the paramilitary traditions of the EPR.
The imposition of military discipline and the strategic use of the EPR for internal security operations further eroded the distinct identity of the force. The EPR was increasingly deployed for counter-insurgency operations and internal repression, roles that were outside its traditional mandate. This shift strained the EPR’s resources and alienated its personnel, who felt used as pawns in the central government’s political machinations.
7. Inequitable Benefits and Welfare Programs
The welfare programs and benefits available to EPR personnel were grossly inadequate and unevenly distributed. Bengali members of the EPR had limited access to welfare schemes, education facilities for their children, and healthcare services. In contrast, their West Pakistani counterparts enjoyed better benefits and support systems.
This inequity was starkly visible in the provision of pensions and post-retirement benefits. Many Bengali EPR members found themselves with meagre pensions and insufficient support after years of service, while West Pakistani personnel benefited from more generous retirement packages. This disparity in benefits was yet another indicator of the systemic discrimination faced by the EPR.
8. Proliferation of Punjabi and Pathan Personnel
The proliferation of Punjabi and Pathan personnel within the EPR further squeezed Bengali members’ chances of career advancement. The recruitment policies were skewed in favour of West Pakistanis, who were often given priority in hiring and training programs. This influx of Punjabi and Pathan personnel diluted the Bengali presence in the EPR, further marginalising them within their force.
The preferential treatment extended to these groups in terms of promotions, assignments, and benefits exacerbated the sense of exclusion and discrimination felt by Bengali officers and soldiers. The dominance of Punjabis and Pathans in the EPR’s senior ranks became a symbol of the broader ethnic and regional disparities within Pakistan.
9. The Impact on Morale and Effectiveness
The cumulative effect of wage disparities, promotional biases, racial discrimination, and inequitable service conditions took a severe toll on the morale and effectiveness of the EPR. Bengali personnel felt undervalued and marginalised, leading to decreased motivation and commitment. The pervasive sense of injustice and discrimination fostered a deep-seated resentment towards the central government and their West Pakistani counterparts.
This erosion of morale had significant implications for the operational effectiveness of the EPR. The force struggled with internal divisions and a lack of cohesion, undermining its ability to perform its primary functions effectively. The discontent within the EPR also contributed to the broader political and social unrest in East Pakistan, setting the stage for the eventual liberation struggle.
10. The Role of the EPR in the Liberation War
The culmination of years of discrimination and neglect came in 1971 when the Bengali members of the EPR played a pivotal role in the Bangladesh Liberation War. The sense of betrayal and injustice that had built up over the years fueled their determination to fight for an independent Bangladesh. Many EPR personnel defected to join the Mukti Bahini, the guerrilla force fighting against Pakistani rule.
The EPR’s participation in the liberation struggle was marked by acts of bravery and sacrifice, reflecting their commitment to the cause of Bengali nationalism. The experience of discrimination and marginalisation within the Pakistani military system galvanised their resolve to seek justice and equality in an independent Bangladesh.
11. Conclusion
The period from 1958 to 1971 was a time of profound challenges and discrimination for the East Pakistan Rifles. Systematic marginalisation in wages, promotions, and service conditions, coupled with racial and regional biases, eroded the morale and effectiveness of the force. The proliferation of Punjabi and Pathan personnel further exacerbated the sense of exclusion felt by Bengali officers and soldiers.
The legacy of this discrimination was a profound sense of injustice that ultimately contributed to the liberation movement in East Pakistan. The EPR’s transition from a neglected paramilitary force to a critical player in the fight for independence underscores the resilience and determination of its members. Their struggle for justice and equality serves as a poignant reminder of the broader issues of discrimination and inequality that plagued Pakistan during this tumultuous period.
This chapter provides a comprehensive overview of the various forms of discrimination and neglect faced by the East Pakistan Rifles, highlighting the systemic injustices that fueled their eventual role in the liberation of Bangladesh. Through this examination, we gain a deeper understanding of the complex interplay of regional, racial, and institutional dynamics that shaped the experiences of the EPR and their contribution to the historical narrative of South Asia.
Discrimination and Militarization of the East Pakistan Rifles (1958-1971)
The East Pakistan Rifles (EPR), established as a border security force in British India, underwent a tumultuous journey from 1958 to 1971. The integration of EPR into the Pakistani military framework brought significant changes, not least of which was systemic discrimination and institutional neglect by the Pakistani martial law governments. This chapter delves into the myriad ways in which the EPR was marginalised, militarised, and discriminated against, detailing the pervasive inequalities faced by its members in terms of wages, promotions, and service conditions. Furthermore, it highlights the racial and regional biases that skewed opportunities in favour of Punjabi and Pathan personnel to the detriment of Bengali officers and soldiers.
1. Historical Background
The East Pakistan Rifles was originally formed in 1795 as the Ramgarh Local Battalion under British colonial rule, primarily to guard the eastern frontier of Bengal. Post-partition in 1947, the force was reconstituted as the East Bengal Regiment and renamed the East Pakistan Rifles. The EPR’s primary function was to secure the border regions of East Pakistan (now Bangladesh), serving as a paramilitary force under the Ministry of Home Affairs.
2. Wages and Pay Disparities
Since 1958, General Ayub Khan imposed martial law in Pakistan, and the EPR has faced significant wage and pay disparities. Compared to their counterparts in the West Pakistan forces, EPR personnel were consistently underpaid. Despite performing similar duties, Bengali officers and soldiers in the EPR received lower wages, creating a sense of disenfranchisement and economic insecurity among them.
The disparity was particularly stark when juxtaposed with the remunerations of Punjabi and Pathan personnel, who enjoyed better pay scales and allowances. This financial discrimination not only demoralised the EPR members but also highlighted the systemic neglect of the Bengali segment of the armed forces by the central government.
3. Promotion and Career Advancement
Promotion within the EPR was another area where discrimination was rife. Bengali officers faced significant obstacles in their career advancement due to an opaque and biased promotion system. The senior ranks of the EPR were overwhelmingly dominated by officers from West Pakistan, particularly Punjabis and Pathans, who were often given preferential treatment in promotions and assignments.
Bengali officers were frequently overlooked for higher positions, filled by less qualified but ethnically preferred candidates from West Pakistan. This skewed promotion system stunted the career growth of many capable Bengali officers, leading to widespread frustration and a sense of injustice within the ranks.
4. Rules, Regulations, and Racial Discrimination
The rules and regulations governing the EPR were often manipulated to disadvantage Bengali personnel. Racial discrimination was evident in various forms, from daily interactions to institutional policies. Bengali officers and soldiers were subjected to derogatory remarks and discriminatory treatment by their West Pakistani counterparts, fostering a climate of racial tension and mistrust.
Institutional policies further compounded these issues. Training programs, leave policies, and disciplinary actions were often biased, with Bengali personnel facing harsher penalties and fewer opportunities for professional development. This racial discrimination created a toxic work environment, undermining the cohesion and effectiveness of the EPR.
5. Terms and Conditions of Service
The terms and conditions of service for EPR members were another source of discontent. Bengali personnel often faced less favourable service conditions than their West Pakistani counterparts. These conditions included inadequate housing, poor medical facilities, and limited access to welfare programs. The disparity in service conditions underscored the central government’s neglect of East Pakistan and its military forces.
Furthermore, the contractual terms of service for Bengali personnel were often less advantageous, with shorter tenure and fewer benefits upon retirement. This inequitable treatment affected the morale of the EPR members and highlighted the broader regional disparities within Pakistan.
6. Militarisation and the Shift in Mandate
The militarisation of the EPR marked a significant shift in its mandate. Initially established as a border security force, the EPR was gradually integrated into the military framework of Pakistan. This militarisation involved the induction of regular army officers into the EPR, often displacing experienced Bengali officers and imposing a martial culture that was alien to the paramilitary traditions of the EPR.
The imposition of military discipline and the strategic use of the EPR for internal security operations further eroded the distinct identity of the force. The EPR was increasingly deployed for counter-insurgency operations and internal repression, roles that were outside its traditional mandate. This shift strained the EPR’s resources and alienated its personnel, who felt used as pawns in the central government’s political machinations.
7. Inequitable Benefits and Welfare Programs
The welfare programs and benefits available to EPR personnel were grossly inadequate and unevenly distributed. Bengali members of the EPR had limited access to welfare schemes, education facilities for their children, and healthcare services. In contrast, their West Pakistani counterparts enjoyed better benefits and support systems.
This inequity was starkly visible in the provision of pensions and post-retirement benefits. Many Bengali EPR members found themselves with meagre pensions and insufficient support after years of service, while West Pakistani personnel benefited from more generous retirement packages. This disparity in benefits was yet another indicator of the systemic discrimination faced by the EPR.
8. Proliferation of Punjabi and Pathan Personnel
The proliferation of Punjabi and Pathan personnel within the EPR further squeezed Bengali members’ chances of career advancement. The recruitment policies were skewed in favour of West Pakistanis, who were often given priority in hiring and training programs. This influx of Punjabi and Pathan personnel diluted the Bengali presence in the EPR, further marginalising them within their force.
The preferential treatment extended to these groups in terms of promotions, assignments, and benefits exacerbated the sense of exclusion and discrimination felt by Bengali officers and soldiers. The dominance of Punjabis and Pathans in the EPR’s senior ranks became a symbol of the broader ethnic and regional disparities within Pakistan.
9. The Impact on Morale and Effectiveness
The cumulative effect of wage disparities, promotional biases, racial discrimination, and inequitable service conditions took a severe toll on the morale and effectiveness of the EPR. Bengali personnel felt undervalued and marginalised, leading to decreased motivation and commitment. The pervasive sense of injustice and discrimination fostered a deep-seated resentment towards the central government and their West Pakistani counterparts.
This erosion of morale had significant implications for the operational effectiveness of the EPR. The force struggled with internal divisions and a lack of cohesion, undermining its ability to perform its primary functions effectively. The discontent within the EPR also contributed to the broader political and social unrest in East Pakistan, setting the stage for the eventual liberation struggle.
10. The Role of the EPR in the Liberation War
The culmination of years of discrimination and neglect came in 1971 when the Bengali members of the EPR played a pivotal role in the Bangladesh Liberation War. The sense of betrayal and injustice that had built up over the years fueled their determination to fight for an independent Bangladesh. Many EPR personnel defected to join the Mukti Bahini, the guerrilla force fighting against Pakistani rule.
The EPR’s participation in the liberation struggle was marked by acts of bravery and sacrifice, reflecting their commitment to the cause of Bengali nationalism. The experience of discrimination and marginalisation within the Pakistani military system galvanised their resolve to seek justice and equality in an independent Bangladesh.
11. Conclusion
The period from 1958 to 1971 was a time of profound challenges and discrimination for the East Pakistan Rifles. Systematic marginalisation in wages, promotions, and service conditions, coupled with racial and regional biases, eroded the morale and effectiveness of the force. The proliferation of Punjabi and Pathan personnel further exacerbated the sense of exclusion felt by Bengali officers and soldiers.
The legacy of this discrimination was a profound sense of injustice that ultimately contributed to the liberation movement in East Pakistan. The EPR’s transition from a neglected paramilitary force to a critical player in the fight for independence underscores the resilience and determination of its members. Their struggle for justice and equality serves as a poignant reminder of the broader issues of discrimination and inequality that plagued Pakistan during this tumultuous period.
This chapter provides a comprehensive overview of the various forms of discrimination and neglect faced by the East Pakistan Rifles, highlighting the systemic injustices that fueled their eventual role in the liberation of Bangladesh. Through this examination, we gain a deeper understanding of the complex interplay of regional, racial, and institutional dynamics that shaped the experiences of the EPR and their contribution to the historical narrative of South Asia.
EPR DISCRIMINATIONS
Bengali EPR JCOs (Bengali Company Commanders) have been subjected to multilayered discrimination and marginalisation since 1958, when the EPR was raised. The Life of the Company Commander and the other ranks were abjectly unbearable.
It was full of discrimination. The EPR was supposed to be organised as a subsidiary of the Police. Many literate constables, including 30-35 police subs and assistant sub-inspectors, are allowed to join EPR. Many people were assured that their responsibilities would be like police work and that there would be good opportunities for Police to join EPR police. On October 27, 1958, Ayub Khan seized power. Before that, the then government of Pakistan issued martial law to Iskandar Mirza, a descendant of Mir Zafar, the villain of the 1757 Battle of Palashi in Bengal, from October 7. And from that time, gradually, the Pakistan Army started turning their attention towards EPR. First, they began to send uneducated Subedars / Subedar Majors to the British Indian Army during World War II. Most of them successively occupied the posts of Subedar Majors of 13 wings and all sectors of EPR.
After Ayub Khan assumed power, they transferred all LOB (Left Out of Battle) types of old superseded (deprived of promotion) Lt.Col.-Major-Captains to EPR from Pakistan Army / Rangers and Other regional forces.
All Wings and Sectors are run by Subedar Major Sector Commanders / Wing Commanders and Wing 2ICs ( Secon in Command). They all know each other. Some were relatives, have served together in the past, or are of the same clan.
EPR Subedars (ASI or SI) (then Bengali Company Commanders of EPR) who came from the Police, all their job descriptions and responsibilities offered by the Police during the transfer, along with their promotion opportunities, gradually changed. The new Subedar Majors started using the EPR as an army unit.
Through whispering from the Subedar Majors, wing and sector commanders begin to misunderstand the discontent among the ranks and files Instead of addressing it. The Wing and Sector Commanders were also waiting; they contacted Pindi and, through the Presidential Ordinance, gradually started making the EPR a new subordinate organisation of the Pakistan Army. Gradually subdued.
Subedar Rab then filed a case known as “Subedar Rab vs Government of Pakistan 1959”, which never saw the light of day.
After the 1965 war, a new administration began. Subedar Major Sector Commander / Wing Commander and Wing 2 IC got 25 per cent posts of Company Commanders for JCOs from Pakistan.
The discrimination faced by Bengali EPR JCOs was exacerbated by the appointment of Punjabis or Pathans as company commanders, who gradually took over the positions as the old Subedar Majors retired. This led to a system of bribery, where Bengali company commanders were required to pay a fee to the Subedar Major, who would then distribute it among the Wing Commander, Wing Two IC, and himself. Failure to pay would result in a transfer to remote locations such as Kasalong-Sajek-Gandhum-Ali Kadam or Pilkhana headquarters, further isolating the Bengali JCOs.
Discrimination, taunting or mocking in unspoken Punjabi or Pathan (Pashtu) language, slang and backbiting of the traditional practice of the people of that country were made worse. Any Bengali trying to report it faced bad Annual Confidential Reports from the Sector Commander or Wing Commander.
Many of the newly recruited young Bengali sepoys were subjected to brutal sexual rapes ( sodomy) by Punjabi or Pathan Subedars or Subedar Majors. However, these allegations and incidents were always brushed under the rug or, at the most, exonerated with a slap on the wrist. Which created a barrier of discontent and heartache amongst the Bengali subordinates.
It may be noted here that most recently, Pakistan Army’s Chief General Asfaq Parvez Kayani (from 2007 to 2013) was also a son of a Subedar Major of EPR; there were many instances that the sector and wing where father and son were serving in two ranks. This was an EPR picture from 1958 to March 25 1971!
East Pakistan Rifles Disposition March 1971
Locations of EPR Sectors and Wing on the 25th March 1971
1 Sector – Dhaka
Wings :
2 Wing : Mymensingh
13 Wing : Dhaka Peelkhana
15 Wing : Dhaka Peelkhana
16 Wing : Dhaka Peellkhana
2 Sector – Sylhet
Wings:
1 Wing : Comilla
3 Wing : Sylhet – Jamia School
12 Wing : Sylhet – Khadimnagar
3 Sector – Jessore
Wings:
4 Wing : Chuadanga
5 Wing : Khulna
4 Sector – Rajshahi
Wings:
6 Wing : Chapainawabganj
7 Wing : Noagoan
5 Sector – Dinajpur
Wings:
8 Wing : Dinajpur
9 Wing : Thakugoan
10 Wing : Rangpur
6 Sector – Chittagong
Wings:
11 Wing : Halishohor
14 Wing : Ramgargh
17 Wing : Kaptai
